Key takeaways
- Keep a written log of sugar readings to share with the doctor.
- Know the signs of low sugar and keep glucose or sugar within reach.
- Inspect the feet every day — small wounds can become serious.
- Rotate insulin injection sites and store insulin correctly.
Checking blood sugar at home
A glucometer gives quick readings from a finger-prick. The doctor will advise how often to test — commonly fasting and two hours after meals, or before insulin doses. Record each reading with the date and time, and note anything unusual such as a missed meal or illness. An HbA1c blood test every three months shows the average sugar level.
Using insulin safely
- Store unopened insulin in the fridge (not the freezer); the pen in use can stay at room temperature for the period stated on the label — keep it away from heat in Jodhpur summers.
- Rotate injection sites around the abdomen and thighs to avoid lumps.
- Give insulin at the right time in relation to meals, as prescribed.
- Never skip a meal after taking mealtime insulin.
- Use a new needle for each injection where possible.
Diet tips
Regular meals at fixed times keep sugar steady. Fill half the plate with vegetables, a quarter with protein (dal, paneer, eggs, curd) and a quarter with whole grains like bajra, jowar or whole-wheat roti. Limit sweets, fried snacks, sugary drinks and large portions of rice. Fruits are fine in moderate portions — choose guava, apple, papaya or orange over very sweet fruits.
Recognising low and high sugar
Low sugar (hypoglycaemia) can be dangerous in older people. Signs include sweating, shaking, fast heartbeat, hunger, confusion, unusual behaviour or drowsiness. If you suspect low sugar, check it and give glucose, sugar or juice if the person can swallow safely; recheck after 15 minutes. If they are unconscious, do not give anything by mouth — call 108.
High sugar may cause excessive thirst, frequent urination, tiredness and blurred vision. Persistently high readings need a doctor’s review.
Daily foot care
- Look at both feet every day, including between the toes and the soles.
- Wash with lukewarm water, dry well between toes and moisturise (not between toes).
- Never walk barefoot, even indoors; wear soft, well-fitting footwear.
- Cut nails straight across; do not cut corns or calluses at home.
- Report any cut, blister, colour change or wound that is not healing.
When to call the doctor
Call if sugar readings stay above or below the targets set by the doctor, if there are repeated low readings, a foot wound, fever, vomiting or inability to eat. Illness can change sugar levels quickly.
Frequently asked questions
How often should an elderly diabetic check blood sugar?
It depends on the treatment. People on insulin often test several times a day, while those on tablets may test less often. Follow the doctor’s advice.
What sugar level is dangerous for elderly people?
Readings below 70 mg/dL are considered low and need treatment. Very high readings or any reading with confusion or drowsiness need urgent medical advice.
Can a nurse give insulin at home?
Yes. A home nurse can give insulin, check sugar, maintain a record and teach the family how to do it safely.
This guide is general information for families, not medical advice. Always follow your treating doctor’s instructions. In an emergency call 108 / 112.